Document revision 10-Oct-2001
This document applies to the MikroTik RouterOS V2.4

MikroTik RouterOS V2.4 Software Package Installation and Upgrading

Overview

The MikroTik RouterOS consists of a formatted HDD specific to our installation and of software packages. The main package is the system software package, which provides the basic functionality of the router. Additional software packages can be installed that provide special support, e.g., PPPoE, PPTP, PPP, wireless, etc.

Features

The modular software package system of MikroTik RouterOS has following features:

Ability to add RouterOS functions by installing additional software packages
Optimal usage of the storage space by the modular/compressed system
The software packages can be uninstalled
The RouterOS functions and software can be easily upgraded
Multiple packages can be installed at once
The package dependency is checked before installing a software package. The package wont be installed, if the required software package is missing
The version of the software package should be the same as that of the system package
The packages are stored on the router using ftp and installed only when the router is going for shutdown during the reboot process of the router.
If the software package file can be uploaded to the router, then the disk space is sufficient for installation of the package

Contents of the Manual

The following sections are included in this Manual:

Software Upgrade Instructions

Software Package Installation Instructions

Contents of the Software Packages

Software Package Resource Usage

Troubleshooting

Software Upgrade Instructions

Upgrading of the MikroTik RouterOS can be done by uploading the newer version software packages to the router and rebooting it. Before upgrading the router please check the current version of the system software and of the additional software packages. The version of the MikroTik RouterOS system software (and the build number) are shown before the console login prompt, for example:

MikroTik v2.4rc19
Login:

Information about the version (and build) numbers of the installed MikroTik RouterOS software packages can be obtained using the /system package print command, for example:

[MikroTik] > system package print                                              
  # NAME                   VERSION               BUILD-TIME           UNINSTALL
  0 routing                2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:58:27 no       
  1 ppp                    2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:58:36 no       
  2 pptp                   2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:59:07 no       
  3 system                 2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:58:09 no       
  4 ssh                    2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:59:28 no       
[MikroTik] >

The list shows the number, name, version, and build time of the installed software packages. If the functions provided by a software package are not required for the router implementation, the package can be marked for uninstalling at the next shutdown/reboot of the router. Use the /system package set command to mark the packages for uninstallation:

[MikroTik] > system package set 0 uninstall=yes                                
[MikroTik] > system package print                                              
  # NAME                   VERSION               BUILD-TIME           UNINSTALL
  0 routing                2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:58:27 yes      
  1 ppp                    2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:58:36 no       
  2 pptp                   2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:59:07 no       
  3 system                 2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:58:09 no       
  4 ssh                    2.4rc19               sep/10/2001 12:59:28 no       
[MikroTik] >

If a package is marked for uninstallation, but it is required for another (dependent) package, then the marked package cannot be uninstalled. For example, the ppp package wont be uninstalled, if the pptp package is installed. You should uninstall the depended package too. For package dependencies see the section about contents of the software packages below. The system package wont be uninstalled even if marked for uninstallation.

Software Package Installation Instructions

The software package files are compressed binary files, which can be downloaded from MikroTik's web page www.mikrotik.com Download section. The full name of the package file consists of a descriptive name, version number, and file extension '.npk'. For example, 'system-2.4.npk', 'ppp-2.4.npk'. 'pppoe-2.4.npk', etc. To install (upgrade) newer version of the MikroTik RouterOS system software please follow the upgrade instructions below:

Check the availability of free HDD space on the router using the /system resource print command:
```
[MikroTik] > /system resource print                                            
           uptime: 11d23h58m50s
     total-memory: 30856
      free-memory: 7368
         cpu-type: Intel
    cpu-frequency: 233
        hdd-total: 30362
         hdd-free: 10295
[MikroTik] > 
```
Note! If there is not enough free disk space for storing the upgrade packages, disk space can be freed up by uninstalling some software packages, which provide functionality not required for your needs.
If the free disk space is sufficient for storing the upgrade packages, connect to the router using ftp. Use user name and password of a user with full access privileges.
Select the BINARY mode file transfer.
Upload the software package files to the router and disconnect.
View the information about the uploaded software packages using the /file print command.
Reboot the router by issuing the /system reboot command or by pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del keys at the router's console.

Example output of the /file print command:

[MikroTik] > /file print                                                       
  # NAME                  SIZE       TYPE                  TIME                
  0 ssh_host_key.pub      332        unknown               feb/14/2001 15:10:19
  1 ssh_host_dsa_key.pub  603        unknown               feb/14/2001 15:10:35
  2 ppp-2.4.npk           314563     package               sep/25/2001 11:39:14
  3 pppoe-2.4.npk         125822     package               sep/25/2001 11:39:14
  4 pptp-2.4.npk          113055     package               sep/25/2001 11:39:15
  5 ssh-2.4.npk           462380     package               sep/25/2001 11:39:16
  6 system-2.4.npk        6566535    package               sep/25/2001 11:39:28
[MikroTik] >

The installation/upgrade process is shown on the console screen (monitor) attached to the router. After successful installation the software packages are shown on the output list of the /system package print command, for example:

[MikroTik] > system package print                                              
  # NAME                   VERSION               BUILD-TIME           UNINSTALL
  0 ppp                    2.4                   sep/24/2001 03:37:21 no       
  1 pptp                   2.4                   sep/24/2001 03:38:03 no       
  2 ssh                    2.4                   sep/24/2001 03:43:19 no       
  3 system                 2.4                   sep/24/2001 03:33:17 no       
  4 pppoe                  2.4                   sep/24/2001 03:39:04 no       
[MikroTik] >

Note! The versions of packages should match the version number of the system software package.

Automatic Software Package Upgrading

The automatic upgrade option of the MikroTik RouterOS software packages can be accessed under the /system package auto-update menu. The option is not functional and cannot be used yet.

Contents of the Software Packages

System Software Package

The system software package provides the basic functionality of the MikroTik RouterOS, namely:

IP address, ARP, static IP routing, policy routing, firewall (packet filtering, masquerading, and static NAT), IP traffic accounting, DHCP server and client, MikroTik Neighbour Discovery, IP Packet Packing, queuing (traffic shaping), DNS settings, IP service (servers)
Ethernet interfaces
IP over IP tunnel interfaces (IPIP)
Ethernet over IP tunnel interfaces (EoIP)
driver management for Ethernet ISA cards
serial port management
local user management
export and import of router configuration scripts
backup and restore of the router's configuration
e-mail setup
undo and redo of configuration changes
network diagnostics tools (ping, traceroute, floodping, bandwidth tester, traffic monitor, and network monitor)
bridge configuration
system resource management
package management
telnet client
local or remote logging facility

After installing the MikroTik RouterOS, a license should be obtained from MikroTik to enable the basic system functionality.

Additional Software Feature Packages

The table below shows additional software feature packages, the provided functionality, the required prerequisites and additional licenses, if any.

Name	Contents	Prerequisites	Additional License
routing	Provides RIP & OSPF support	-	-
snmp	Provides read only SNMP support	-	-
ssh	Provides remote access via SSH	-	-
lcd	Provides LCD monitor support	-	-
ups	Provides APC Smart Mode UPS support	-	-
ppp	Provides asynchronous PPP support	-	-
pptp	Provides PPTP support	ppp	-
pppoe	Provides PPPoE support	ppp	-
isdn	Provides support for ISDN	ppp	-
telephony	Provides IP telephony support (H.323) for Quicknet cards	-	-
framerelay	Provides support for frame relay (used with Moxa C101 or Cyclades PC300 interfaces	-	-
moxa-c101	Provides support for Moxa C101 synchronous card	-	synchronous
lmc-wan	Provides support for LMC synchronous cards	-	synchronous
cyclades	Provides support for PC300 synchronous interfaces	-	synchronous
aironet	Provides support for CISCO Aironet IEEE 802.11 wireless PC/PCI/ISA cards	-	2.4GHz wireless
arlan	Provides support for DSSS 2.4GHz 2mbps Aironet ISA cards	-	2.4GHz wireless
wavelan	Provides support for Lucent WaveLAN IEEE 802.11 wireless cards	-	2.4GHz wireless
teletronics	Provides support for Teletronics IEEE 802.11 2Mbps wireless cards	-	2.4GHz wireless
radiolan	Provides support for 5.8GHz RadioLAN ISA cards	-	radiolan
prism	Provides support for Prism II chipset based IEEE 802.11 wireless cards as clients or as access points	-	2.4GHz wireless (station mode); 2.4GHz wireless and Prism II AP (AP mode)
thinrouter-pcipc	Used for Thin Routers. Forces the PCI to cardbus bridge to use IRQ 11	-	-

If additional license is required to enable the functionality of a software package, the license should be obtained for the Software ID of your system. The new key should be entered using the /system license set key command, and the router should be rebooted afterwards:

[MikroTik] system license> print                                               
      software-id: TPNG-SXN
              key: 2C6A-YUE-3H2
    upgradable-to: may/01/2002
[MikroTik] system license> feature print                                       
Flags: X - disabled 
  #   FEATURE                                                                  
  0 X AP                                                                       
  1 X synchronous                                                              
  2 X radiolan                                                                 
  3 X wireless-2.4gHz                                                          
  4   licensed                                                                 
[MikroTik] system license> set key=D45G-IJ6-QM3                                
[MikroTik] system license> /system reboot
Reboot, yes? [y/N]: y
system will reboot shortly

If there is no appropriate license, the appropriate interfaces wont show up under the interface list, even though the packages can be installed on the MikroTik RouterOS and corresponding drivers loaded.

Software Package Resource Usage

The following table shows the required resources of HDD storage and RAM for the various software packages. The total required storage space can be calculated by adding the together the required storage of all installed packages including the system software package.

Name Memory (RAM) usage, MB Storage (HDD) usage, MB

system 16.5 16.0

routing 0.6 1.2

snmp 0.6 0.5

ssh 1.0 1.2

lcd 0.4 0.1

ups 0.5 0.2

ppp 2.0 0.8

pptp 1.3 0.3

pppoe 1.2 0.4

isdn 2.4 1.0

telephony 4.8 4.5

framerelay 0.1 0.1

moxa-c101 0.8 0.1

lmc-wan 0.8 0.1

cyclades 0.8 0.1

aironet 1.1 0.2

arlan 0.8 0.1

wavelan 1.1 0.1

teletronics 0.8 0.1

radiolan 0.8 0.2

prism 1.3 0.5

thinrouter-pcipc 1.0 0.01

Name	Memory (RAM) usage, MB	Storage (HDD) usage, MB
system	16.5	16.0
routing	0.6	1.2
snmp	0.6	0.5
ssh	1.0	1.2
lcd	0.4	0.1
ups	0.5	0.2
ppp	2.0	0.8
pptp	1.3	0.3
pppoe	1.2	0.4
isdn	2.4	1.0
telephony	4.8	4.5
framerelay	0.1	0.1
moxa-c101	0.8	0.1
lmc-wan	0.8	0.1
cyclades	0.8	0.1
aironet	1.1	0.2
arlan	0.8	0.1
wavelan	1.1	0.1
teletronics	0.8	0.1
radiolan	0.8	0.2
prism	1.3	0.5
thinrouter-pcipc	1.0	0.01

Troubleshooting

After upgrading to V2.4 the router requires entering the Software ID.
If you have a purchased the license, and your license period has not expired, please send your current Software ID to key-support@mikrotik.com We will issue you a new Software KEY, which needs to be entered prior upgrading to V2.4
I have Free Demo license for V2.3 of MikroTik RouterOS, and I want to upgrade to V2.4 You will need to obtain a new demo license after the upgrade, or purchase the license. It can be done prior the upgrade.
Not enough space to upgrade the system package.
Uninstall some packages not in use.
The system package does not install because of incorrect version.
Use system package version that is greater than the currently installed one.
Additional packages do not install because of incorrect version of the system package.
Upgrade the system package first, then install the additional packages. The packages should be of the same version as your system package.
The package file is corrupted after upload.
Use BINARY mode for file transfer.
The package has been successfully installed and the driver loaded, but there is no interface in the interface list
Obtain the required license to enable the functionality of provided by the software package.
The package files have been uploaded to the router, but they have not been installed.
Reboot the router!
The version 2.2.x has been upgraded to the version 2.3.y, but the connection to the router was lost after the reboot. The interfaces are disabled and they do not have the previously specified names. Also, the IP addresses, routes, filtering rules have interface -UNKNOWN-.
Using the console (monitor and keyboard attached to the router), specify new names for the interfaces, enable them, and specify interfaces for IP addresses, routes and filters.
The version 2.2.x has been upgraded to the version 2.4.y, but the connection to the router was lost after the reboot. The configuration has been lost.
Using the console (monitor and keyboard attached to the router), restore the configuration.

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